My key expertise is the study of cultural models. I have studied models of illness and witchcraft in the Peruvian Amazon, models of environmental risks and uncertainty, as well as models of ecosystem services in Finland. Recently I have investigated models operative in integral thinking, systems thinking and spirituality. I have also had long-term interest in the role of intentional systems theory (theory of mind) in religious studies, especially ethnography. Currently I am investigating Ken Wilber's integral theory as an example of a model that combines tools of thought from East and West. In addition I am studying nature-based wisdom and spirituality as cultural ecosystem services, and cultural models of time.